NURS 220 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Lung Volumes, Thyroid Cartilage, Alveolar Pressure
Document Summary
Terminology and processes: pulmonary ventilation: bulk flow-you move air in and out of the lungs (difference in pressure over resistance: p1-p2/r, external respiration: diffusion-gases moving over short distances. Respiratory tract and muscles: nose-preferred way to bring air in. Hairs, mucous act as defense mechanisms: pharynx-throat, nasopharynx-behind the nose, oropharynx-behind the mouth. There is a combination of the nose tubes and mouth tubes that meet here. Epiglottis=elastic cartilage and is the closing of the opening to the larynx, glottis=opening into the larynx: thyroid cartilage (adam"s apple)-prevents tube from collapsing- thicker and wider than cricoid. Esophagus collapses as we breathe but the trachea is kept open: cartilage-ringed cartilage that keeps the trachea open, hyaline cartilage, mucus glands-layers of epithelial and connective tissue. Creates a barrier for defense and also secretes a mucus that then traps things preventing them from getting into the lungs: cilia-projecting from epithelial cells.
