NURS 245 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Pulmonary Hypertension, Congenital Heart Defect, Muscle Hypertrophy
Document Summary
Most common form of heart disease=atherosclerosis leads to ischemic heart disease leads to mis mis are one of the major causes of heart failure. Chronic heart failure-inability of the heart to pump adequately. Myocardial infarctions and myopathies-myopathy=malfunctioning of the heart (can be caused by chronic alcoholism/acute infections) mis and myopathies lead to systolic failure. Systemic and pulmonary hypertension- pulmonary hypertension=constriction in bronchioles leading to increased workload on right heart = right sided heart failure. Chronic increase in cardiac work load-i. e. from obesity, most common=hyperthyroidism affects metabolic rate (using more energy doing your basic things=need for increased oxygen=increased cardiac workload) Ischemic systolic failure (mis and myopathies)-muscle fibers are not strong enough/(less muscle to pump) during systole to pump forwards. The atrophy of the heart=decreased contractility and dilation of ventricle=leads to decreased ejection fraction (sv/edv). [normal ejection= ~55%--systolic failure=downward shift in curve=<40%] more blood staying in the heart.
