PHIL 180 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: We Sing, Ad Hominem, Hypothetical Syllogism
6 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Logic: the organized body of knowledge, or science, that evaluates arguments. Aim of logic is to develop system of methods to use as criteria when judging arguments. Argument: a group of statements, one or more of which (the premises) are claimed to provide support for, or reasons to believe, one of the others (conclusion) Ones where premises support conclusion and ones where they do not. Former = good argument and latter = bad argument. Purpose of logic is thus to evaluate arguments by developing methods and techniques that allow us to distinguish between good arguments from bad. Statement is either true or false, typically a declarative sentencee. Truth and falsity are two truth values of a statement. Questions, proposals, suggestions, commands are not statements. Statements that make of argument divided into one or more premises and one conclusion. Premises: statements that set forth the reason or evidence. Conclusion: statement that the evidence is claimed to support or imply.
