PSYCH 250 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Ecological Systems Theory, Behaviorism, Psych
Document Summary
A developmental theory is a systematic statement of general principles that provides a framework for understanding how & why people change over time. Each psychosexual stage includes potential conflicts how a person resolves these conflicts determines personality and behavior. Erik erikson created a theory of psychosocial development. Life-span theory that focuses on the impact of relationship in shaping personality. 8 psychosocial stages characterized by a developmental crisis. Core concepts: ego-identity and identity exploration (ego-identity: basic sense of who we are as individuals based on self concept and image) John watson: psychology should be about things we can observe. Learning by association: a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus. Behaviors are learned through reinforcements & punishments. Reinforcement: any consequence that makes a behavior more likely to occur. Punishment: any consequence that makes a behavior less likely to occur. Behavior is learned through observation & imitation (modeling). A state of disequilibrium results in cognitive growth.
