BIOL 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Hemoglobin, Coenzyme A, Phosphatase

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champagnebee70

23 May 2016

School

UM Dearborn, UMD

Department

Biological Science (BIOL)

Course

BIOL 100

Professor

Adler

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Document Summary

The transition state has higher free energy than the product or the reactant. An enzyme will lower the amount of energy that is required but they will not affect the equilibrium of the reaction. An enzyme is a protein that is made of amino acids: an enzyme will bind to a specific substrate at the active site. The active site is a particular site on the enzyme surface that will bind to the substrate. The active site will be highly specific. It only binds certain substrates and catalyzes specific reactions. The specificity is due to the 3d shape at the active site. The shape of the active site depends on the amino acid sequence and if a mutation occurs, the enzyme will not function. The active site also depends on the environment. Will cause the active site to change its shape, then the enzyme won"t work. The temperature: all enzymes end in ase .

Related Questions

45. The catalysis mechanism used by lysozyme to break down bacterial cell walls is

acidâbase catalysis.

covalent catalysis.

metal cofactor redox catalysis.

induced strain.

unknown.

46. Competitive inhibitors of enzymes work by

fitting into the active site.

fitting into a site other than the active site.

altering the shape of the enzyme.

changing the enzyme into an inactive form.

increasing the activation energy of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction.

47. Nerve gases such as Sarin and malathion

block specific chemical transformations by inactivating specific enzymes.

have reversible effects on animals.

are proteins with a primary structure.

block the energy coupling cycle of ATP.

bond covalently to the active site of the enzyme.

48. How do competitive and noncompetitive enzyme inhibitors differ?

Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site, whereas noncompetitive inhibitors change the shape of the active site.

Competitive inhibitors have a higher energy of activation than noncompetitive inhibitors have.

They function at different pH values.

Noncompetitive enzyme inhibitors contain magnesium, whereas competitive inhibitors contain iron.

Noncompetitive enzyme inhibitors are reversible, whereas competitive inhibitors are irreversible.

amaranthwolf320

Which of the following statements describe(s) the characteristics of an enzyme active site that result in highly specific substrate selectivity and highly specific catalytic ability? (Select all that apply.)

a. The active site is a highly specific three-dimensional cleft or pocket formed from different parts of the primary amino acid sequence.

b. The active site takes up only a small part of the total enzyme.

c. Amino acid side chains at the active site combine to create a microenvironment where the arrangement of atoms is uniquely matched to characteristics of only a single substrate species.

d. Mostly weak interactionsâH-bonding, van der Waals interactions, and hydrophobic interactionsâfunction to bind the substrate to the active site.

e. Some amino acids at the active site actively participate in making and breaking of bonds by lowering the activation energy of the overall reaction.

28. Which of the following statements about enzymes is false?

An enzyme changes shape when it binds to a substrate.

Enzymes lower the activation energy.

Enzymes are highly specific.

An enzyme may orient substrates, induce strain, or temporarily add chemical groups.

Most enzymes are much smaller than their substrates.

29. What is a transition state?

The place where a substrate molecule binds to an enzyme

A reactant with high potential energy

The combination of a substrate and an enzyme

The state at which the bonds of reactants are unstable

The active site where reactants are oriented

39. Which of the following statements about enzymes is true?

Enzymes are proteins.

Enzymes have a specific amino acid sequence.

enzymes are highly specific.

Enzymes lower the energy barrier.

All of the above

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BIOL 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Hemoglobin, Coenzyme A, Phosphatase

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