MICROBIO 160 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Multiple Hamartoma Syndrome, Chek2, Twin Study

• School: UMASS-Amherst
• Department: Microbiology
• Course: MICROBIO 160
• Professor: Wilmore Welby

Document Summary

Penetrance: frequency with which an allele yields an expected trait in a population. If one a becomes mutated, you still have another a and will most likely be fine. Trait expressed: dominant c (in 90% of individuals) Trait expressed: recessive trait e (in 80% of individuals) Only 5-10% of all cancers are related to an inherited gene mutation . Inheriting the gene mutation does not mean that the child is born with cancer. The child inherits a higher risk of developing cancer sometime during his/her life. Many genes are involved in cancer formation, therefore, not everyone who inherits a gene mutation will develop cancer. Behavior of proto-oncogenes compared with tumor suppressor genes in cancer. Proto-oncogenes with a gain-of-function mutation becomes an oncogene cancer. Tumor suppressor gene with a loss-of-function mutation a second loss-of-function mutation must occur cancer. Both pairs of genes must be mutated for cancer to develop.