MICROBIO 310 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Lipopolysaccharide, Glycogen, Teichoic Acid
23 Mar 2016
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Document Summary
Chapter 3: cell structure and function in bacteria and archaea. Major cell morphologies: coccus (spherical), rod (cylindrical), spirillum (spiral shape) Morphology typically can not predict physiology, ecology and phylogeny of a prokaryotic cell. Prokaryotes range in size from 0. 2 um to >700 um in diameter (rod shaped: 0. 5 to 4. 0 um) Large cells will have problems with nutrient uptake this limits metabolism to the point so it is not competitive with smaller cells not common. Many advantages for a cell to be small more surface area relative to cell volume than larger cells. Smaller cells have higher surface to volume ratio supports greater nutrient exchange per unit cell volume tend to grow faster than larger cells. The cytoplasmic membrane in bacteria and archaea prokaryotes. Sterols: rigid, planar lipids found in eukaryotic membranes strengthen and stabilize. Hopanoids: structurally similar to sterols but present in membranes of bacteria.
