MICROBIO 310 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Genomic Island, Polyacrylamide, Chromosome
23 Mar 2016
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Document Summary
Genome: entire complement of genetic information includes genes, regulatory sequences, and noncoding dna. Genomics: discipline of mapping, sequencing, analyzing, and comparing genomes. More than 2,000 prokaryotic genomes sequenced or in progress. Rna virus ms2: first genome sequenced in 1976/ 3,569 bp haemophilus was the first cellular genome sequenced in. Sequencing: determining the precise order of nucleotides in a dna or rna molecule. Large scale sequencing projects have led to automated dna sequencing systems: based on sanger method radioactivity replaced by fluorescent dye. 454 sequencing system: generates data 100x faster than sanger method relies on two major advances: massively parallel liquid handling and pyrosequencing. Light is released each time a base is added to dna strand. Instrument actually measures release of light short stretches of dna only. Virtually all genomic sequencing projects use shotgun sequencing: entire genome is cloned and resultant clones are sequenced much of sequencing is redundant 7 to 10 fold coverage.
