BIOL 207 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Active Transport, Action Potential, Actin

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violetcockroach136

13 Nov 2016

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Energy is atp required to maintain balance (equilibrium) Large part of energy in body is result of active transport. Electrical and at forces move ion from membrane. Selectively permeable membrane allows certain materials o pass through with these three forces. Channels have own guards for allowing materials to pass. Passive-(leakage)- always open, allow a lot of things to go through by simple diffusion. Things go in and out of cell with ease. Molecules found at entrance respond to stimuli to act (open/ close) Chemically (ligand) gated or transmitter gated membrane channel. Bind to receptors to bring about result. Chemicals referred to as ligand in general. Ligand- signaling chemicals (of various types) to bind specifically and reversibly to particular target receptors on cell membranes. Allow for something to go in or out in mechanically deformed. Open in response to certain changes in voltage across cell membrane. Take out active transport (keeps sodium out) diffusional force takes over.

Related Questions

Question 1

Plasma membranes are selectively permeable. This means that

	A.	glucose cannot enter the cell.
	B.	the plasma membrane allows some substances to enter or leave a cell more easily than others.
	C.	plasma membranes must be very thick.

Question 2

Oxygen molecules O₂ crosse a plasma membrane by

	A.	passive transport
	B.	osmosis
	C.	active transport

Question 3

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ________ and moves a substance ________ its concentration gradient.

		A. energy and channel proteins; against (up)
		B. transport proteins that make channels ; down
		C. energy ; down

Question 4

When two aqueous solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a semipermeable membrane and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will

		A. move to the side with lower water concentration
	B.	move to the side with higher water concentration
	C.	move to the side with lower solute concentration

Question 5

Kinetic energy differs from chemical energy in that

	A.	chemical energy is a particular form of kinetic energy.
	B.	kinetic energy is the energy of a moving object, whereas chemical energy is the potential energy of molecules.
	C.	kinetic energy is stored energy that has the potential to do work, and chemical energy is the energy of movement.

Question 6

When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work, it uses the energy released from a(n) ________ reaction to drive a(n) ________ reaction.

	A.	exergonic; endergonic
	B.	endergonic; exergonic
	C.	spontaneous; exergonic

Question 7

When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction

		A. it raises the activation energy of the reaction.
		B. it lowers the activation energy of the reaction.
		C. it is used once and discarded.

Question 8

Which of the following statements regarding enzyme function is false?

		A. An enzyme's function depends on its three-dimensional shape.
		B. Enzymes are very specific for their substrates.
		C. Enzymes are used up when they catalyze a chemical reaction so must be synthesized for each new chemical reaction

1. Which of the following pairings are/is correct?

Cholesterol: has a hydrophilic and hydrophobic end
Cholesterol: does not have a hydrophilic end since it is a lipid
Cholesterol: is often times wedged in between the phospholipids
1st and 2nd choices only
1st and 3rd choices only
2nd and 3rd choices only
All of the above
None of the above

2. Which of the following pairing/s is/are correct?

Cholesterol: helps maintain the integrity of the cell membrane
Cholesterol: the rigid four carbon rings prevent lipid tails from packing too closely
Cholesterol: the rigid four carbon rings also prevent the membrane from being too fluid
1st and 2nd choices only
1st and 3rd choices only
2nd and 3rd choices only
All of the above
None of the above

3. Which of the following pairing/s is/are correct?

Membrane proteins: help maintain concentration gradients
Concentration gradient: the difference of amounts of solutes on two sides of a solution
Solutes: are the substances dissolved in a solution
1st and 2nd choices only
1st and 3rd choices only
2nd and 3rd choices only
All of the above
None of the above

4. Which of the following pairing/s is/are correct?

Molecules: move around randomly on their own
Molecules: when concentrated create an unstable environment due to increased collisions of molecules
Diffusion: is the movement of molecules from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration
1st and 2nd choices only
1st and 3rd choices only
2nd and 3rd choices only
All of the above
None of the above

5. Which of the following pairing/s is/are correct?

Passive movement: movement of molecules that is energetically favorable b/c free energy is released in the process
Passive movement: requires energy from outside of the system
Passive movement: occurs as molecules move up their concentration gradients
1st and 2nd choices only
1st and 3rd choices only
2nd and 3rd choices only
All of the above
None of the above

6. Which of the following pairings/s is/are correct?

Active movement: is a passive process
Active movement: is an energetically unfavorable process
Active movement: releases free energy
1st and 2nd choices only
1st and 3rd choices only
2nd and 3rd choices only
All of the above
None of the above

7. Which of the following pairing/s is/are correct?

Transport channels: allow movement of all ions through
Transport carriers: allow movement of all ions through
Channels : passive movement
Carriers: active movement
1st and 2nd choices only
1st and 3rd choices only
1st, 2nd, and 3rd choices only
2nd and 3rd choices only
All of the above
None of the above

8. Which of the following paring/s is/are correct?

Active transporters: movement of molecules up their concentration gradients
Active transporters: require energy
Active transporters: ATP dependent pumps, antiporters, symporters
1st and 2nd choices only
1st and 3rd choices only
2nd and 3rd choices only
All of the above
None of the above

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BIOL 207 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Active Transport, Action Potential, Actin

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