CHEM 130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Valence Electron, Noble Gas, Nonmetal

• School: UMass Boston
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM 130
• Professor: Christian Schaefer

Document Summary

Group number and valence electrons: valence electrons are the number of electrons in the outermost energy level, group number gives the number or valence electrons. Ionization energy: energy required to remove a valence electron, increases across a period (left to right, decreases down a group (top to bottom) The octet rule: elects gain or lose electrons and become ions to attain noble gas arrangement. Octets are associated with the stability of the noble gases (except he) Ionic and covalent bonds: noble gases form octets: Ionic bonds = atoms of one element lose valence electrons and the atoms of another element gain valence electrons. Covalent bonds = nonmetal atoms share electrons to attain noble gas arrangement. Positive ions: metals form positive ions (cations): With the electron con guration of the nearest noble gas. Group 1a (1+), group 2a (2+), group 3a (3+) Negative ions: nonmetals for negative ions (anions) With electron con guration of the nearest noble gas.