EHS 260 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Hypercholesterolemia, Physical Fitness, Hydrostatic Weighing
18 Jun 2018
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Summary
Physical activity and physical fitness are inversely related to all-cause mortality risk in
observational studies.
The effect is still present after control for possible confounding.
Most studies have been conducted in Caucasian populations. Data on other ethnic groups are
limited.
Mortality rates are between 20% and 80% lower in the active/fit, compared with the
inactive/unfit.
Evidence strongly suggests a dose–response relationship.
Association between fitness and mortality risk is similar to or stronger than that for other
established disease risk factors.
The association between physical activity/fitness and mortality holds true for adult men and
women of all ages.
Obese individuals who are physically fit have a similar risk as lean individuals who are physically
fit. Physical activity may provide important health benefits for the obese.
Plausible biological mechanisms that may explain
the association between physical activity/fitness and all-cause mortality will be discussed in the
chapters that follow.
ACL Study: Fitness vs. other risk factors
Another obesity-related issue addressed by the ACLS is the strength of the association between
low fitness and mortality in comparison with that of other established risk factors for mortality
including:
oCVD, diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia, hypertension and smoking
oWei et al. (1999b) conducted a study with 25,714 men (average age 44 yr)
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Document Summary
Physical activity and physical fitness are inversely related to all-cause mortality risk in observational studies. The effect is still present after control for possible confounding. Most studies have been conducted in caucasian populations. Mortality rates are between 20% and 80% lower in the active/fit, compared with the inactive/unfit. Association between fitness and mortality risk is similar to or stronger than that for other established disease risk factors. The association between physical activity/fitness and mortality holds true for adult men and women of all ages. Obese individuals who are physically fit have a similar risk as lean individuals who are physically fit. Physical activity may provide important health benefits for the obese. Plausible biological mechanisms that may explain the association between physical activity/fitness and all-cause mortality will be discussed in the chapters that follow. Aerobics center longitudinal study (blair et al. , 1995) Changes over time by age n=9,777 men aged 20-82 at baseline.
