PSY 3061 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Substantia Nigra, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Programmed Cell Death
Document Summary
Causes of brain damage: genetic factors, pku (autosomal recessive, down syndrome, hu(cid:374)ti(cid:374)gto(cid:374)"s disease (cid:894)autoso(cid:373)al do(cid:373)i(cid:374)a(cid:374)t(cid:895, polygenic disorders (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, etc. , programmed cell death, apoptosis (intrinsic vs. extrinsic, necrosis, ne(cid:272)(cid:396)optosis (cid:894)(cid:862)p(cid:396)og(cid:396)a(cid:373)(cid:373)ed(cid:863) (cid:374)e(cid:272)(cid:396)osis(cid:895, parthanatos. The role of dopamine: dopamine and other monoamines (ne, epi) are synthesized along a common pathway in noradrenergic neurons, eldopa is t(cid:396)eat(cid:373)e(cid:374)t fo(cid:396) pa(cid:396)ki(cid:374)so(cid:374)"s, enables synthesis of dopamine, not as effe(cid:272)ti(cid:448)e as pa(cid:396)ki(cid:374)so(cid:374)"s p(cid:396)og(cid:396)esses. Neurodegenerative condition: not a lot that can be done to prevent. I(cid:374) pa(cid:396)ki(cid:374)so(cid:374)"s, esse(cid:374)tially get o(cid:448)e(cid:396)-activation (predominant influence) of d2 receptors that causes a decrease in the activation via thalamus of frontal cortex and motor cortex and increase in inhibition of the motor cortex. Result in greater tonic inhibition of cortex (motor cortex). Have greater inhibition in d2 receptors (indirect pathway). Incredibly heritable: 100% lethal, not sustainable phenotype, some heritability, rest can be explained by spontaneous mutations.
