ANTH 145 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Social Stratification, Narmer, Nekhen
Document Summary
Hunters to farmers - late pleistocene to 4,500 bc. Seasonal movement followed the rise and fall of the river. Sahara became an area of grassland, lakes, and river valleys. Between 8,000 and 6,000 bc development of herder-farmers in the western desert. Early farming villages on the nile by 5,500-4,500 bc. Transition from small autonomous villages to several chiefdoms. Workshops produced hundreds of thousands of domestic pots and fine wares. Fired in large kilns (1000 sq. m / 0. 25 acre) Economy based on beer and bread, with standardized beer jars, which were produced nearby. Daily wage: 10 loaves and 2 jugs of beer. Contained 150 small inscribed ivory or bone ornaments. Unification of upper and lower egypt (3,100 bc) Written records record the conquest of lower egypt by an upper egypt. Established the capital at memphis in lower egypt. Development of vast royal tombs (1st and 2nd dynasty at abydos)
