GEOL 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Orogeny, Convergent Boundary, Continental Crust
Document Summary
Deformation changes the character of the rock and is often easy to see. Strain is the change in shape caused by deformation. Shear (top goes one direction, bottom goes the other) There are two major deformation styles: brittle and ductile. The type of deformation depends on temperature and pressure conditions. In brittle deformation, the rock crack and break. The rock changes shape but does not break. It is the result of deformation, which is caused by force acting on rock. This force, called stress, is the force applied across a unit area. The one that slides down is the hanging-wall block. The one that slides down is the footwall block. Strike-slip faults have fault motion parallel to the strike of the fault. Stress (compression, tension, shear) can cause rocks to change shape, position, and orientation. During brittle deformation, rocks break, whereas during ductile deformation, rocks bend and distort without breaking.
