LIFE 120 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Endergonic Reaction, Exergonic Reaction, Adenosine Triphosphate
Document Summary
Start with a substrate and end with a product. Potential: diver has more potential energy on the platform than in the water. Kinetic: climbing converts the kinetic energy of muscle movement to potential energy. Thermal: diving converts potential energy to kinetic energy. Chemical: fiver has less potential energy in the water then on the platform. Organisms are islands of low entropy (disorder) in an increasingly random universe! Organisms alter matter and energy to less ordered form (catabolic) Energy flows in as light and exits as heat. First law of thermodynamics: energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed (kinetic, heat, potential, &chemical) Second law of thermodynamics: every energy transfer increases the entropy (disorder) of the universe. To occur spontaneously, process must increase entropy (disorder) of the universe. Organisms use energy to create more order. Entropy (disorder) may decrease in an organism-u(cid:374)i(cid:448)erse"s total e(cid:374)tropy increases (2nd law of thermodynamics)
