NUTR 244 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Gastric Acid, Portal Vein, Glycemic Index
Document Summary
Chapter 3 the human body: we are what we eat. Appetite psychological desire to eat specific foods, cravings, aroused by environmental cues. Hypothalamus triggers feelings of hunger or satiation, nerve cells in stomach and small intestine. Hormones - chemical messengers, secreted by endocrine glands to help regulate body functions. Fast acting hormones: pancreatic hormones, insulin (decreases blood glucose, glucagon (increases blood glucose) Small intestine: cholecystokinin cck (decreases hunger) Fiber and water: distend stomach, promote sense of satiety. Solid foods are more filling than semisolid foods or liquids. Social and cultural cues: special occasions, time of day, emotions, being with others. Sensory data: sight, smell, taste, texture, sound. Learned factors: family, community, religion, culture, new exposures. 3 weeks to learn to like a food. Regions of the gastrointestinal tract: upper gi. Digestion (4 phases: mechanical and chemical break down of food. Absorption (4 types: uptake of nutrients through the intestinal wall.
