PSY 265 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Human Factors And Ergonomics, Connectionism, Naturalistic Observation
Document Summary
Learning without responding: response is part of what is learned. Learning cannot occur in the absence of a response: mcnamara, long, wike (1956) found rats prevented from running a maze still learned. Learning without reinforcement: reinforcement necessary for solidifying s-r associations, tolman and honzik found learning in the absence of reinforcement. Tolman proposed cognitive maps to account for learning in the absence of response or reinforcement: cognitive maps = mental representation, necessity of investigating mind . Skilled behavior is too complex for an s-r account: chomsky. Linguistic expression is too creative and productive for an s-r account. Technological influences on the development of cognitive psychology: communication systems, computers. These sequential, information-processing systems provided a possible metaphor for mind. Behaviorism had considerable influence: rigor of research, observations of behavior still central. The cognitive revolution: rejection of behaviorist assumptions, roots in human factors engineering. Concept of person-machine system: view of people as limited-capacity processors, influenced by developments in linguistics, neuroscience and computers.
