EES-1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Continental Crust, Plate Tectonics, Oceanic Crust
18 Nov 2016
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*greenhouse gases trap heat by absorbing solar energy. Continental shelf underlain by thinning continental crust. Slope and rise transitional between crust types. Abyssal plain underlain by mafic oceanic crust. Passive continental margin located far from a tectonic plate boundary. Active continental margin adjacent to a tectonic plate boundary. Pelagic sediments clays (formed on the land) and biochemical particles. Carbonate compensation depth (ccd) depth below which calcite dissolves (~3. 5km) So the very deepest parts of the ocean floor lacks carbonate shells. Normal marine salinity, reflecting dissolved ions, is 3. 5% (35 grams per liter; 35,000 parts per million) Ocean surface temperature (t) varies inversely with latitude. Develop due to friction of wind on water. Fetch (distance that the wind blows over the water. ) Depth of influence (wave base) is the wavelength. Above wave base, water moves in a circular motion. Below wave base, water is not affected by wind waves. Breaking wave crest becomes too steep and topples forward.
