BIOL 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Metaphase, Gamete, Chromosome
Document Summary
Biology 102: lecture notes intro to genes 2-28-2017. Family resemblance- we are similar to our parents and siblings, but not clones. Genes: segments of dna that code for proteins. Analogous of words in an instruction manual for building a human. Chromosomes: are analogous to pages in the instruction manual. Mistakes in copying dna (mutations) produce different versions of genes (alleles), with different results: same meaning, different meaning, no meaning. Homologous pairs: equivalent chromosomes; pairs contain one chromosome received from each parent. Segregation: in meiosis, homologous separate from each other into different gametes. Gamete gets just one copy of each page of the manual. Independent assortment: homologous move into gametes, randomly and independently of other chromosomes. Due to random alignment during metaphase 1 iclicker question: when the parent genes are known, we will always know the genes of the child. No two humans are genetically identical, except for monozygotic twins.