CHEM 105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Nitrogen Dioxide, Ion, Aluminium Oxide

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Most variations of a single element usually act the same. Tells you how many atoms of an element you have. Covalent bonds-atoms share electrons to satisfy octet rule. Octet rule-atoms seek 8 electrons in outer shell. 2 chlorine atoms have 7 valence electrons each (wants 8). They each share 1 to get 8 valence electrons. C chains of carbon. (chain of carbons and hydrogens on the ends=hydrocarbon) 0. 4 ---lets you have big carbon skeletons to get long. Each chemical covalent bond contains exactly 2 electrons. Electronegativity -describes how badly an element wants electrons: we don"t classify negativity of noble gasses, most electronegative element=fluorine (4 on scale, measured on a pauling scale (0-4) July 11, 2016: trend- electronegativity decreases as you move right left on periodic table or up down, ex. H f hydrofluoric acid (extremely dangerous when dissolved in water) (look on paper: 2 atoms of the same element in a bond-nonpolar, 2 different atoms in a covalent bond-polar.

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