NURS 364 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Fluid Compartments, Hypovolemia, Hypoventilation
Document Summary
Fluid compartments: extracellular fluid-outside the cells and intracellular fluid-inside the cells. I(cid:374) adults, icf is appro(cid:454). (cid:1006)/(cid:1007)"s of total (cid:271)od(cid:455) (cid:449)ater; ecf is appro(cid:454). (cid:1005)/(cid:1007) of total (cid:271)od(cid:455) (cid:449)ater. Ecf- 2 major divisions: (1)intravascular fluid and (2) interstitial fluid with a minor division-transcellular fluid. Interstitial fluid is located between cells and outside the blood vessels. Transcellular fluids are secreted by epithelial cells (cerebrospinal, pleural, peritoneal, synovial) Put them together =salts (ex: table salt(nacl) in water becomes na and cl) Osmolality-a (cid:373)easure of the (cid:374)u(cid:373)(cid:271)er of parti(cid:272)les per kilogra(cid:373) of h(cid:1006)o k(cid:374)o(cid:449) Isotonic fluid: has the same concentration of particles as normal blood. Active transport-how cells maintain their high intracellular electrolyte concentration. Energy is required (atp) to move electrolytes across cell membranes from areas of lower concentration to higher concentration(concentration gradient) Diffusion-passive movement of electrolytes or other particles down the concentration gradient(from higher to lower)
