HST 343 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Chartism, Anne Summers, Luddite
Document Summary
Australia was colonized through a mixture of intentions: maritime exploration, trade, rivalry and penology. Terra nullius land as claiming by no one. Convicts were the first colonizers of australia. 18th century land grab, england rival with france. Australia(cid:859)s (cid:374)o(cid:374) i(cid:374)dige(cid:374)ous story effe(cid:272)ti(cid:448)ely starts in terms of colonization and settlement with convict transportation from 1788. The creation of the nsw penal colony gave the british the opportunity to look to colonize the continent. 1787-1810: initial phase of transportation with just over 10,000 criminals sent out. 1811-1830: rapid increase from 1815 (end napoleonic wars). 1831-1840: over 51,000 transported level of general acceptance in britain. 1840-1968: by 1853 wa only colony using transportation system. This period marks the ultimate decline of the system. 1868: last convict ship comes to australia (fremantle) and only wanted men for labor work. The average age of convicts on arrival in nsw or tasmania was 26 years.
