BPS 321 Lecture Notes - Lecture 30: Artificial Cardiac Pacemaker, Orciprenaline, Semisynthesis

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turquoisebear962

12 Sep 2016

School

URI

Department

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Course

BPS 321

Professor

Kovoor Abraham

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Document Summary

Noradrenaline (norepinepherine, ne) as terminal neurotransmitter (@ neuro-effector junction cardiac. + smooth muscle: corresponding receptors are either or adrenergic receptors, exception: sns utilizes ach as the terminal neurotransmitter when innervating sweat glands. Target receptors on sweat glands are machr (m-receptors: sympathetic stimulation (with ach) of. Chromaffin cells in adrenal medulla release adrenaline (epinephrine, epi) into blood circulation. Mineralo-corticoid: corticosteroid hormone synthesized by adrenal cortex (aldosterone is main one- important for regulation of salt + water in body) All pre-ganglionic ans nerves are cholinergic: they release ach @ ganglionic synapse or onto adrenal chromaffin cells. When ach is released by preganglionic nerves, depolarization of postganglionic nerves occurs as result of activation of nachr or m1-machr (both receptors on postganglionic nerve) Distribution of autonomic nerotransmitters + receptors: don"t worry about dopamine/renal. Summary: short preganglionic fibers, release ach binds to nachr receptor on postganglionic nerve, long postganglionic fibers, release norepinepherine binds to or adrenergic receptors, stimulatory.

Related Questions

1. The autonomicnervous system consists of a _________ neuron chain that branchesinto the periphery. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns ="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

2. There are twodivisions of the ANS, the parasympathetic and the sympathetic. Theparasympathetic division __________ body energy requirements and ismost active during________________. The sympathetic divisiongenerally enables the body to use stored energy and is activeduring ______________.

3. Compared to thesomatic nervous system, the first neuron in the ANS is ___________myelinated. The second order neuron is generally un____________.

4. The second orderneuron in the chain that innervates the adrenal glands is reallythe release of NE and Epi into the ____________________.

5. The __________nerve is the parasympathetic branch that innervates the heart aswell as a majority of other visceral organs.

6. The first orderneuron in the ANS chain almost always releases ________________into the synapse. The NTs released from the second order neurons ofthe sympathetic division are usually ________________ and___________________, while the second order neuron of the PNSusually releases _____________________.

7. Theparasympathetic division is sometimes called the _______________division because of the location from which the nerves arise.

8. The sympatheticdivision is sometimes called the _______________ division becauseof the location from which the nerves arise.

9. Which nervecarries about 90% of all parasympathetic traffic?

10. Most tissues/organs arecontinuously innervated by the ANS, that is, they have ____________tone.

11. The ANS regulatesunconscious processes that maintain _____________________, a termcoined by Walter Canon.

12. List and understand thethree different routes for preganglionic neurons in the sympatheticbranch.

13. Compare and contrast theneuronal divergence (pre- to postganglionic neurons) of the PNS andthe SNS. What does this mean? How does the adrenal gland and itmedullary secretions affect these contrasting effects?

14. The ganglions in the PNSare __________ to the effector organs than the ganglions in theSNS. Considering myelination, how does this affect speed oftransmission between the two systems?

15. List the receptor typesfor Ach and NE. Which are usually excitatory, inhibitory orboth?

16. The smooth muscle aroundthe blood vessels is innervated by the sympathetic branch of theANS. What occurs to dilate those vessels?

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BPS 321 Lecture Notes - Lecture 30: Artificial Cardiac Pacemaker, Orciprenaline, Semisynthesis

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