BME 410 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Cardiac Surgery, Decellularization, Atrioventricular Node
20 Apr 2016
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Human heart valves open and close 40 million times per year. Four heart valves in human heart: semilunar: aortic and pulmonary, atrioventricular: mitral (bicuspid) and tricuspid. When tension high bicuspid valve is closed: left ventricle dialated. When tension low bicuspid valve is open: left ventricle contracted. Ecm (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2: fibrosa: collagen fibers, spongiosa: gags, ventricularis: elastin fibers, endothelial cells from outflow to inflow, same as ecm with addition of interstitial cells (vic) layers in each. Congenital heart defects: most common birth defect. Bicuspid aortic valve disease: susceptible to stenosis. 0. 8% of infants in the us are born with congenital heart defects (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) Children with congenital heart valve defects must have multiple valve replacement surgeries throughout life. >90000 patients have heart valve replacement surgery per year: open heart surgery, heart is temporarily stopped (heart/lung machine) Two types of replacement valves: prosthetic or bioprosthetic.
