ANT 304 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Standing Army, Elman Service, Ethnoarchaeology
Document Summary
Study of social relations and organization in the past. How people related to and interacted with each other and as a whole. Social relations - friends, family, socioeconomic status, gender, teacher/student, etc. Scale - size of polity - population and territory. Complexity - internal differentiation of a society. How it integrates parts to form a cohesive whole. Groups - elman service in 1960s create a classification of groups. Nomadic - hunt and gather, temporary camps. How to study - can be difficult. Ethnoarchaeology and ethnographic analogy - look at present groups to understand the past. Oral traditions - ask about history and lineage. Temporary camps, tools, activity areas, distribution of landscape. Cave sites - best preservation and deep deposits. Look for patterns in distribution of artifacts. Larger than hunter gather - few thousand - domestic animals and plants. Monuments/public/ritual - collective works of communal action - oligarchy and craft specialization. Study through ethnoarchaeology and ethnographic analogy and oral traditions.
