CH 301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Intermolecular Force, Polarizability, Atomic Orbital
Document Summary
Dispersion forces: dispersion forces will be present in all molecules, dispersion forces are the weakest interactions, the overall strength of them depends on the polarizability and the number of possible interactions/ Polarizability: molecules ability to induce a dipole. Polarizability increases as the electron cloud increases. The higher the molecular weight the larger the intermolecular forces. Increase in polarizability = increase in boiling points: nu(cid:373)(cid:271)e(cid:396) of i(cid:374)te(cid:396)a(cid:272)tio(cid:374)s depe(cid:374)ds o(cid:374) the shape o(cid:396) the (cid:862)sta(cid:272)k a(cid:271)ility(cid:863) of the molecule. Dipole-dipole: all polar molecules show dipole-dipole interactions, stronger than dispersion forces. Vis(cid:272)osity: li(cid:395)uid"s (cid:396)esista(cid:374)(cid:272)e to flow: (cid:862)thi(cid:272)k(cid:374)ess(cid:863, directly related to imfs, strong imfs = high viscosity. Surface tension: boundary formed between a liquid and another phase: defined as measure of the inward forces that must be overcome in order to expand the surface area of a liquid, directly related to imfs. Vapor pressure: these molecules have enough kinetic energy to escape the attractions of other molecules on the surface: function of dynamic equilibrium.
