PSC-100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Environmental Degradation, Research Question, Party System
7 Nov 2017
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Interests (preferences) over any outcome can be ranked (by utility) Complete: all possible outcomes can be ranked. Actors will not act unless expected bene ts exceed expected costs. In choosing action, actors choose option with greatest expected bene ts net of expected costs: expected bene ts: positive utility * probability, expected costs: negative utility * probability. Actors anticipate likely choice & reactions of other actors, given existing institutions, and decide accordingly. Others" anticipated choices and institutions a ect expected bene ts and expected costs. Strategic voting: in two party system, voters vote for candidates of one of the major two parties rather than wasting their vote on a third-party candidate. Economic voting: voters vote according to the expected economic bene ts of policies. Rich: lower taxes, less welfare -> gop. Collective good: some tangible or intangible bene t that produces utility for all actors who are members of a group (state, society, team, organization, etc. )
