BIOL 150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Mating Call, Nitrogenous Base, Cytosine
Document Summary
Describe the structure of dna- double helix ; raw material of evolution. Summarize the central dogma (dna rna protein) Explain how genes relate to the traits you see in organisms. Explain how mutations can lead to changes in phenotype. 5-carbon sugar- numbered from right, moves clockwise, pointed ends are carbons. Polymerizes into single strands of dna which are hydrogen bonded together. Dna structure is the same in every organism bacteria to human. Broadly speaking: the sequence of bases on dna codes for the sequence of amino acids in a protein . Central dogma: dna codes for rna which codes for protein. Only 1. 5% of dna codes for protein. Lots of dna codes for regulatory rna. Rna can double-back on itself and pair a complete structure. Prokaryotes have naked dna that is not spooled up. Is universal: same in all organisms (bacteria to human)