BIOL 220 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Kinetic Energy, Cellular Respiration, Catabolism
Lecture 6 continued
BIO 220
Energy/Catabolism
Energy is defined as the capacity to cause change
oSome forms of energy are used to perform work
oEnergy is the ability to rearrange a collection of matter
Terminology
oCatabolism
Break down of molecules into smaller units
oAnabolism
Construction of new molecules from smaller subunits
oMetabolism
All life sustaining chemical transformation of molecules in the cell
Energy
oKinetic energy
The energy of motion
oPotential energy
`stored energy
Energy held within an object because of its location and structure
oMachines and organisms can transform kinetic energy to potential energy and vice versa
oIn all such energy transformations total energy is conserved
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Energy can be converted from one form to another
This is the principle of the conservation of energy
oEntropy
Is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system
oCells use energy to assemble simple, disordered molecules into complex, ordered forms
Sources of Energy
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Document Summary
Energy is defined as the capacity to cause change. Energy/catabolism: some forms of energy are used to perform work, energy is the ability to rearrange a collection of matter. Break down of molecules into smaller units: anabolism. Construction of new molecules from smaller subunits: metabolism. All life sustaining chemical transformation of molecules in the cell. Energy held within an object because of its location and structure: machines and organisms can transform kinetic energy to potential energy and vice versa, in all such energy transformations total energy is conserved. Energy can be converted from one form to another. This is the principle of the conservation of energy: entropy. Is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system: cells use energy to assemble simple, disordered molecules into complex, ordered forms. Sources of energy: collectively, microbes use more diverse energy sources than do multicellular organisms, chemotrophy. Yields energy from electron transfer between chemicals: phototrophy.
