ANPS 020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Autonomic Nervous System, Somatic Nervous System, Blood Sugar
6 Feb 2019
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Metabolic homeostasis is controlled by many hormones including thyroid hormone, insulin, glucagon. At rest, while fasting: thyroid hormones set bmr. At rest, while feeding: insulin secretion increases. During exercise: catecholamines override bmr & glycogen increases. Hormonal response to stress involves both endocrine and nervous system activation. Anatomically and functionally different from the somatic nervous system. The two divisions of the ans each have their own anatomy. Each has a unique set of neurons. Dual innervation : most organs receive both sympathetic and parasympathetic control. The preganglionic neuron is controlled by higher centers in the cns. Brainstem and spinal cord cell groups function as regulatory centers. Sensory receptors in the organs send information to the cns. this information works through cortex, hypothalamus, brainstem, or spinal cord integrating centers to turn on the appropriate autonomic pathway. Outside the cns, sympathetic and parasympathetic axons usually intermingle in weblike networks called autonomic plexuses. Axons travel on blood vessels to enter organs.
