BIOCHEM 3H03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Splenomegaly, Extracellular Fluid, Oxaloacetic Acid
12 Apr 2017
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Chapter 13 pancreas, insulin, and glucose metabolism. Glucose diet, stores (glycogen breakdown), or new synthesis (gluconeogenesis from aa, lactate and glycerol) Triglycerides from diet or stores: broken down to ffa and glycerol. Fatty acids oxidised to acetyl-coa: used in citric acid cycle. Ketones fatty acids oxidised in liver to acetyl-coa. In liver mitochondria enters kreb"s cycle, or converted to ketones (acetoacetic acid, oh-butyric acid, acetone) There is no net conversion of fatty acids to glucose. Most tissues can use glucose, ketones, and fatty acids as energy source: glucose entry into these cells is insulin dependent. Brain and most nervous tissue can use only glucose and ketones: brain cannot store or synthesize glucose, or metabolize substrates other than glucose or ketones, glucose uptake into brain is non- insulin mediated. 1: as [glucose] falls, ability of brain to take up glucose also falls. Hormones that increase [glucose] glucagon, cortisol, epinephrine, growth hormone. Metabolic processes that control glucose metabolism and concentration.
