PSYCH 450 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Golden Lion Tamarin, Sumatran Orangutan, Jane Goodall Institute
04/26/18 lecture 24: Primate conservation
• Review:
• Vicki - Hayes
• Washoe - Gardners and Roger Fouts
• Chantaek - Lyn Miles
• Koko - Penny Patterson
• Lana - Duane Rumbaugh
• Nim Chimsky - Herbert Terrace
• Kanzi - Sue Savage-Rumbaugh
o Skyped with Kanzi
• Teco-Ape Cognition and Conservation Initiative
• Alex the Parrot - Irene Pepperberg
• Period where several couples tried to teach chimpanzees to speak
o Vicki: tried to raise chimp along with child but did not happen
o The breakthrough was that they do have the capacity for laguage ut they a’t
do it this ay, they a’t euiate the souds
o Washoe: taught how to use sign language though
o Did not culturally transmit sign language
o Chantek: tried to teach orangutan
o Koko: tried to teach gorilla
o Lana: use syntax and grammar, keyboard lexogram development
o Ni Chisky: do’t hear a lot of this researh goig o ayore
▪ Traied a hip to sig, after ouple years said it’s ot laguage ad
e’e oeriterpreted hat is goig o, it as Cleer Has, rought
almost the whole field to a stop
• Human Population Growth
o Increasing exponentially
o As we use more land for agriculture, reduces the forest cover
o endangered/threatened 48% of 630+ species
▪ About half of the primates are thought to be threatened to become
endangered or extinct
▪ In every group, there are species that are considered threatened,
vulnerable, or critically endangered
▪ Governor and Senator Gaylord Nelson
• Earth Day is a Wisconsin idea (1970)
o John Muir - UW student back in 1864
▪ Founded national parks
▪ Promoted US national Park System
o Aldo Leopold (1887-1948)
▪ Land stewardship
▪ We’re the shepherds, should take are of the Earth
o George Schaller - UW Zoology phD
▪ Ethologist (1933-
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
▪ The first long term field study on the mountain gorilla
o Muriqui (woolly spider)
▪ Karen Strier studied the muriqui
o Birute Galdikas (1946-
▪ Orangutan rehabilitation)
o Jane Goodall (1946-
▪ Goodall Institute - Roots and Shoots
o Russ Mittermeier
▪ Conservation International
▪ Emphasizes that people need to do research to calculate the exact
numbers
▪ 25 most critically endangered primates list made each year
▪ Silky sifaka, lion-tailed macaque, golden lion tamarin, muriqui, mountain
gorilla (0-1000)
• South American monkey where 1,000 or less: golden lion tamarin
• Ape where 1,000 or less: mountain gorilla
▪ Ring-tailed lemur, gibbon species, sumatran orangutan, grauer gorilla
(1000-10,000)
▪ Langur species, proboscis, bonobo (<100,000)
▪ Chimpanzee (<500,000)
o How did this worldwide situation come about?
▪ Madagascar
• Humans present for 1500 yr
• 80% of habitat cut down
• 6 genera, 14 species lost
▪ Population growth
• Madagascar 9 million in 1980
• 25 million today, 47 million by 2050
o 219 orangutan nests discovered
▪ In remote regions of Borneo
o Alba, a 4 year old albino orangutan will be relocated to a forest reserve
surrounded by a water moat
▪ Were worries that it would be captured and put into the pet trade
▪ So had to figure out how to protect it
• Ecological and natural disasters
o Forest fires in orangutan habitat
o Salination of Amboseli due to drought and loss of forest
o Human-caused problems
o During the Vietnam war
▪ 5% of forest cleaned
o Kilimanjaro climate and glaciers
▪ Affect primates living there on the grasslands
o Japan Tsunami 2011
▪ Monkeys were exposed to radiation
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
04/26/18 lecture 24: primate conservation: review, vicki - hayes, washoe - gardners and roger fouts, chantaek - lyn miles, koko - penny patterson. Increasing exponentially: as we use more land for agriculture, reduces the forest cover, endangered/threatened 48% of 630+ species, about half of the primates are thought to be threatened to become endangered or extinct. In every group, there are species that are considered threatened, vulnerable, or critically endangered: governor and senator gaylord nelson, earth day is a wisconsin idea (1970) John muir - uw student back in 1864: founded national parks, promoted us national park system, aldo leopold (1887-1948) Ruffed lemur: to betampona integral reserve, 11 endemic lemur species, ruffed lemur returned from duke primate center in nc. In 1997, 1998, and 2001: current population of ruffed lemur is only 35 individuals, return to the wild, national zoo.
