BSCI-1105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Seminiferous Tubule, Menstrual Cycle, Folliculogenesis

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brownmule668

4 Feb 2020

School

Vanderbilt University

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BSCI-1105

Professor

Due Denise

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Document Summary

Interstitial cells the cells surrounding/in between the seminiferous tubules; cells that actually produce the testosterone. Estrogen/progesterone production in ovaries: corpus luteum produces progesterone, follicles surrounding oocytes produce the estrogen and progesterone. Long gestation breed in fall, give birth in spring: females only sexually receptive at appropriate times (estrus heat , receptiveness signaled by pheromones, not interested any other time. Sex hormones, positive feedback, and reproductive regulation (females: moderate levels of estrogen/progesterone production negative feedback, but when threshold is crossed/high levels of estrogen stimulate lh, lh surge occurs and positive feedback is triggered (**lh surge triggers ovulation) Spermatids (go through differentation) meiosis 2) ovultion and sperm entry cause Completion of meiosis 2 and lead to a haploid. Fertilization occurs in upper region of fallopian tube. Acrosome and cortical reactions prevent polyspermy: acrosome releases enzymes, oocyte and sperm plasma membranes fuse, granules release enzymes that makes the zona pellucida impenetrable, sperm nucleus engulfed by oocyte cytoplasm.

Related Questions

From the list below, select all statements accurate with respectto hormonal regulation of steroid hormone production in males andfemales.

Question 9 options:

A)	hypothalamic secretion of GnRH stimulates LH and FSH secretionin the anterior pituitary

B)	FSH secretion in the anterior pituitary stimulates testosteronesecretion in theca cells and Leydig cells

C)	FSH secretion in the anterior pituitary stimulates inhibinsecretion by granulosa cells and Sertoli cells of the ovary andtestis, respectively

D)	LH secretion stimulates testosterone secretion in both ovariangranulosa and theca cells

E)	LH secretion stimulates testosterone secretion in Leydig andtheca cells of the testes and ovaries, respectively

F)	inhibin feeds back to turn down both LH and FSH secretion in theanterior pituitary

G)	inhibin feeds back to selectively suppress LH secretion in theanterior pituitary without changing FSH secretion

H)	inhibin feeds back to selectively suppress FSH secretion in theanterior piutitary without changing LH secretion

I)	testosterone secretion in males always feeds back to inhibitGnRH secretion from the hypothalamus

J)	testosterone secretion in males always feeds back to inhibitanterior pituitary responsiveness to GnRH

K)	progesterone in high concentration has an inhibitory effect onGnRH secretion in the hypothalamus

L)	similar to testosterone's effect in males, estrogen in femalesalways feeds back to inhibit GnRH secretion from thehypothalamus

M)	when estrogen levels in females are low, estrogen feeds back atthe hypothalamus to inihibit GnRH secretion from the hypothalamussimilar to testosterone's effects in males

N)	when estrogen levels in females are high and unaccompanied byhigh progesterone levels, estrogen is stimulatory, rather thaninhibitory to GnRH secretion in the hypothalamus

O)	if estrogen levels in females are high but are accompanied byhigh progesterone levels, the powerful inhibitory effects ofprogesterone override the stimulatory effects of estrogen andsuppress GnRH secretion from the hypothalamus

viridianhornet587

Please help me answer this multiple choice questions: (please answer all questions)

No explantion needed just the answer needed.

physiology and neurobiology questions below.

31. Systemic arterioles dilate in response to _____.

A. Increased CO2 levels in the tissue

B. Decreased O2 levels in the tissue

C. Decreased pH in the tissues

D. All of the above

32. Blood in the pulmonary arteries ______

A. Contains hemoglobin which is about 98.5% saturated with oxygen

B. Has a PO2 of about 40 mmHg

C. Both of the above

D. Neither of the above

33. Completion of first meiotic division of oogenesis yields.

A. One secondary oocyte

B. Four primary oocyte

C. Four mature ova (egg cells)

D. Four secondary oocytes

34. The final absorbable products of chemical digestion occurring in the brush border of the small

intestine include:

A. Monosaccharides and amino acids

B. Proteins and chylomicrons

C. Disaccharides and amino acids

D. Monosaccharides and disaccharides

35. The hemoglobin oxygen curve saturation curve plots ____ on the dependent (Y) axis and ____

on the independent (X) axis.

A. Oxygen concentration; hemoglobin concentration

B. % oxygen saturation of hemoglobin; PO2 of blood

C. % oxygen saturation of hemoglobin; PCO2 of blood

D. Hemoglobin concentration; oxygen concentration

36. In contrast to the female hypothalamic pituitary-sex steroid axis, control of the male axis is

aimed at ____.

A. Allowing spermatogenesis to occur just once a month

B. Keeping levels of pituitary gonadotropins relatively constant in blood

C. Keeping levels of hypothalamic releasing hormones higher than usual in blood

D. Causing a positive feedback effect of sex steroid up on gonadotropins

37. Which of the following will correct acidosis?

A. Speed up the proton pump

B. Buffering of protons with phosphate in the tubular lumen

C. Renal metabolism of glutamine

D. All of the above

38. Epithelium with a brush border (microvilli) is characteristics of the mucosa found in

A. Duodenum

B. Proximal Tubule

C. Both of the above

D. Neither of the above

39. The transport maximum (Tm) for glucose, addition filtered glucose

A. Is no longer filtered

B. Appears in urine

C. Is secreted

D. Is reabsorbed

40. Stroke volume is equal to ____.

A. End-diastolic volume alone

B. End-diastolic volume plus end-systolic volume

C. Cardiac output minus heart rate

D. End-diastolic volume minus end-systolic volume

41. The long term solution to a change in blood pH involves

A. Digestive System

B. Respiratory System

C. Buffers such as hemoglobin

D. Renal System

42. The left heart receives blood from ___ and pumps blood out through the ____.

A. Superior vena cava; pulmonary trunk

B. Pulmonary veins, pulmonary trunk

C. Pulmonary veins; aorta

D. Pulmonary arteries; aorta

43. Selection and activation of specific B lymphocytes may lead to all EXCEPT_____.

A. Formation of memory cells

B. Secretions of antibodies

C. Activation of complements to destroy tagged antigen

D. Secretion of perforin

44. Bile is stored and released into the duodenum from the

A. Liver

B. Pancreas

C. Gall Bladder

D. Duodenum

45. Beta oxidation of fatty acids yields _____,which then can be further oxidized to produces ATP.

A. Glycogen

B. Amino acids

C. Keto acids

D. Acetyl CoA

46. The relationship between the loop of Henle and the vasa recta capillaries function.

A. Absorption of glucose, amino acids and creatinine

B. Countercurrent exchange

C. Countercurrent multiplication

D. All of the above

47. Anterior pituitary production of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is decreased by

A. Testosterone from Sertoli cells

B. Inhibin from Sertoli cells

C. Inhibin from interstitial (Leydig) cells

D. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) from granulosa cells

48. A response to acidosis would involve

A. Slowing down the proton pump

B. Greatly increased excretion of HCO3- (bicarbonate ions)

C. Both of the above

D. Neither of the above

49. The conversion of spermatid to spermatozoa occurs

A. By differentiation process in the seminiferous tubule

B. In epididymis

C. By meiosis, in the seminiferous tubule

D. In the prostate gland

50. Antibody-mediated immunity defends against ____.

A. Virus infected cells

B. Viruses and bacteria in the blood or body fluids

C. Bacteria only

D. Viruses only

pinkwhale636

BSCI-1105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Seminiferous Tubule, Menstrual Cycle, Folliculogenesis

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