PSYC 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Participant Observation, Vise, Confounding
PSYCH 101-004
Tuesday September 6, 2016
Key Topics:
ī Class 3 cont. Research Methods
īļ Specific Research Methodologies
īˇ Descriptive: Survey approach
o Case Studies:
ī§ Examine one person or a group in detail
ī§ Good for rarely occurring phenomena
ī§ Bad for generalizing to whole population
ī§ Can generate ideas for theories but need to be further tested
o Naturalistic Observation: study behavior in a natural setting
ī§ Less artificial (you are removed)
ī§ Less control (you are participating)
ī§ Levels of deception and participation of researcher (four
quadrants â graph)
īˇ I - Concealed non participant
īˇ II - Complete participant observation
īˇ III - Overt non-participant observation (sitting on a
bench watching perform
īˇ IV - Participant as observer
ī§ Challenges:
īˇ Cognitive biases (selective attention, reconstructive
memory)
īˇ Record keeping
īˇ Reactivity
īˇ Influencing events
īˇ Effects of the observer
o Surveys:
ī§ Examines many cases but not in depth
ī§ Representation of a population (results are generalized)
īˇ Correlational: Looks at how variables are related
o Correlational designs â What are they?
ī§ The direction, the strength of the relationship
o Two variable: Direction
ī§ Positive: variable increase and decrease with one another
īˇ The more (+) sleep I got last night, the more (+) rested I
feel today.
ī§ Negative: as one variable increases, another decreases (vise versa)
īˇ The less (-) sleep I got over the weekend, the more (+)
tired I feel today.
īˇ The less (-) I eat, the hungrier (+) I feel.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Examine one person or a group in detail. Can generate ideas for theories but need to be further tested: naturalistic observation: study behavior in a natural setting. Levels of deception and participation of researcher (four quadrants graph) Iii - overt non-participant observation (sitting on a bench watching perform. Examines many cases but not in depth. Representation of a population (results are generalized) The direction, the strength of the relationship: two variable: direction. Positive: variable increase and decrease with one another. The more (+) sleep i got last night, the more (+) rested i feel today. Negative: as one variable increases, another decreases (vise versa) The less (-) sleep i got over the weekend, the more (+) tired i feel today. The less (-) i eat, the hungrier (+) i feel. Experimental: looks at relationships, correlations between two variables, able to figure out cause and effect: independent variable (iv) cause. Condition of the iv: control, comparison, experimental.
