PSYC 401 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Schwann Cell, Peripheral Nervous System, Endoplasmic Reticulum
Document Summary
Neurons in the central nervous system: humans have about 100 billion. Cerebral cortex and associated areas = 12-15 billion. Number of synapses in humans estimated > 10^15. Glial cells and neurons = primary cells in central nervous system. Schwann cells do not breakdown so easily - stay intact, help guide cells. Oligodendrocytes break down easier - central nervous system. 10-50x the number of each neuron of glial cells in the central nervous system. Membrane: double layer of lipid molecules w/ large protein molecules, helps keep everything inside cells, prevents certain things from moving inside cell, semipermeable. Mitochondria: power plant of the cell, metabolic activity. Endoplasmic reticulum: a network of thin tubes that transport newly synthesized proteins, smooth or rough. Golgi apparatus (body): wrap or package substances in vesicles for transport to axon terminal. Neurofilaments - provide structural support for axon and regulate axon diameter - neurofibrils - ex.
