PSY 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Longitudinal Study, Observer-Expectancy Effect, Ath

• School: Villanova University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSY 1000
• Professor: slotter

Document Summary

+ is a direct correlation, - is an inverse correlation. The absolute value of the magnitude is the correlation strength: limitations: Reverse-(cid:272)ausalit(cid:455) pro(cid:271)le(cid:373): (cid:455)ou (cid:272)a(cid:374)"t tell (cid:449)hat (cid:272)o(cid:373)es first. Happiness causes better health or better health causes happiness. Third variable problem: there could be an extraneous, driving variable that we don"t k(cid:374)o(cid:449) a(cid:271)out that affe(cid:272)ts the i(cid:374)depe(cid:374)de(cid:374)t a(cid:374)d depe(cid:374)de(cid:374)t (cid:448)aria(cid:271)le. There are a lot of potential 3rd variables. You"d ha(cid:448)e to assess e(cid:448)er(cid:455) possi(cid:271)le 3rd variable you think could influence the study. Bias in research: observer bias: people behave in atypical ways because they are being observed. Especially common for embarrassing or private behaviors: demand characteristics: aspects of a study that cause participants to behave in ways that (cid:272)o(cid:374)fir(cid:373) the e(cid:454)peri(cid:373)e(cid:374)ts" e(cid:454)pe(cid:272)tatio(cid:374)s. Shifting political views because you think the researcher is looking for specific political views: procedural controls: aspects of the procedure that researchers include to minimize the likelihood of observer bias.