AHRM 1014 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Gilded Age, Applied Science
17 Apr 2018
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Design: simplicity, harmony, symmetry, proportion, relationship between purpose of object and the way it looks. Spinning machines factories: coal and steam replaced wind and water for energy/power, decreased use of human/animal labor and increased productivity, terrible work conditions. Caught on more quickly because of labor savings and lack of artisans: unskilled labor of women and children, heavy investment in machines. Ability to be more productive required: new material sources, better transportation, more people in urban centers. Drove machinery that could produce design goods. New methods improved usability of iron: allowed for use in design and manufacturing. Steel became low cost/high volume: led to widespread use for cutlery, tools, weapons, etc, railroad tracks. Both contributed to even greater accuracy, precision, standardization, consistency, interchangeability. Us no longer trailed great britain, france and germany. Design was just a part of production (conception and planning) Education in design: drawing schools, art education for children.
