ANTH 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 35: Plate Tectonics, Continental Crust, Molecular Clock
Introduction to Human
Origins
Chronometric Dating
Studying the Past
Spring 2018
A. Plate tectonics
- Large sale oveet of the Earth’s lithosphere roke up ito tetoi plates
which can contain both oceanic and continental crust
- Can affect the climate, environment and distribution of primate fossils.
- Cause of earthquakes.
B. Molecular clock hypothesis
- Dates of divergence among related species can be calculated through an
examination of the genetic mutations that have accumulated since the
divergence.
- When populations separated from each other in the past, we can calculate that
by amount of genetic change.
- Can put time from on when 2 separate populations separated from a common
ancestor by looking at genetic things that separate them.
- Need to know how fast a mutation happens, and genomic sequences of both
populations.
C. Studying the Past
- The archeological and fossil records are collections of cultural and physical
remains of the past
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Document Summary
Large s(cid:272)ale (cid:373)ove(cid:373)e(cid:374)t of the earth s lithosphere (cid:271)roke(cid:374) up i(cid:374)to te(cid:272)to(cid:374)i(cid:272) plates which can contain both oceanic and continental crust. Can affect the climate, environment and distribution of primate fossils. Dates of divergence among related species can be calculated through an examination of the genetic mutations that have accumulated since the divergence. When populations separated from each other in the past, we can calculate that by amount of genetic change. Can put time from on when 2 separate populations separated from a common ancestor by looking at genetic things that separate them. Need to know how fast a mutation happens, and genomic sequences of both populations. The archeological and fossil records are collections of cultural and physical remains of the past. Cultural factors such as intentional burial (after 1000 years ago), accumulation of material wealth, and subsistence strategies impact what was left behind by different species and populations. Climate change (sea levels, vegetation, erosion, etc. ) impacts visibility and accessibility.
