Medical Sciences 250ab Chapter Notes - Chapter Summary: Ethambutol, Lactam, Fosfomycin
3 Jan 2022
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Inhibits terminal d-alanine formation by racemization meaning no crosslinking. Inactivates the enzyme mura that forms n-acetylmuraminic acid from n- acetylglucosamine no amino sugar backbone. Acts on gram +, dephosphorylates bactoprenol no transport of pentapeptides across membrane, interferes with synthesis of sugar strands no peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Reserve antibiotic for mrsa, very narrow activity, attaches to 2 terminal d-alanine molecules so transpeptidase can no longer bind no crosslinking. Wide activity, substitute the terminal d-alanine, when bound by transpeptidase - Broader spectrum due to deprotonate able amino group. Usable for mrsa, same as penicillin, but is resistant towards penicillinases. Very narrow spectrum, given in tandem with ethambutol and 3 others, blocks reductase in mycolic acid production. Very narrow spectrum, interferes in production of arabinogalactan. Bind to 16s rrna in 30s subunit, freeze initiation complex, no binding of subunits; in already assembled units it slows reading and increases chance of misreading by allowing non-fitting trna to bind.
