Utilitarianism Summary

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Camilaabreu16

21 Mar 2022

School

Miami Dade College

Department

Philosophy

Course

PHI2604

Professor

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Document Summary

Utilitarianism is a theory that discusses what is of ultimate value or importance in life as well as providing criteria for determining whether a certain behavior is ethically right or wrong. Happiness or pleasure, according to mill, is the most important aspect of existence; pleasure is what makes our lives valuable. He felt that we chose anything because it is pleasurable in and of itself or because it will lead to pleasure in the future. Mill isn"t only referring to the physical pleasures we get from our senses; he"s also referring to intellectual and emotional pleasures. Intellectual joys, according to mill, are of better quality or value than sensual ones. He believes that the purpose of our actions should always be to promote as much happiness or pleasure as possible. Each action we take can be classified as morally right or evil depending on whether it contributes to or detracts from happiness.

Related Questions

When the heart pumps blood into the aorta, the pressuregradient-the difference between the blood pressure inside the heartand the blood pressure in the artery-is an important diagnosticmeasurement. A direct measurement of the pressure gradient isdifficult, but an indirect determination can be made by measuringthe Doppler shift of reflected ultrasound. Blood is essentially atrest in the heart; when it leaves and enters the aorta, it speedsup significantly and-according to Bernoulli's equation-the pressuremust decrease. A doctor using ultrasound of 2.5 MHz measures a 5400Hz frequency shift as the ultrasound reflects from blood ejectedfrom the heart.
Part A
What is the speed of the blood in the aorta? Assume that the speedof sound in human body is 1540 m/s
A:1.7 m/s
***Part B
What is the difference in blood pressure between the inside of theheart and the aorta? Assume that the patient is lying down and thatthere is no difference in height as the blood moves from the heartinto the aorta.

The kinetic theory of gases states that the kinetic energy of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas. A relationship between the microscopic properties of the gas molecules and the macroscopic properties of the gas can be derived using the following assumptions: The gas is composed of pointlike particles separated by comparatively large distances. The gas molecules are in continual random motion with collisions being perfectly elastic. The gas molecules exert no long-range forces on each other. One of the most important microscopic properties of gas molecules is velocity. There are several different ways to describe statistically the average velocity of a molecule in a gas. The most obvious measure is the average velocity Vavg. However, since the molecules in a gas are moving in random directions, the average velocity is approximately zero. Another measure of velocity is (V^2)avg, the average squared velocity. Since the square of velocity is always positive, this measure does not average to zero over the entire gas. A third measure is the root-mean-square (rms) speed,Vrms , equal to the square root of (V^2)avg. The rms speed is a good approximation of the the typical speed of the molecules in a gas. This histogram (Figure 1) shows a theoretical distribution of speeds of molecules in a sample of nitrogen () gas. In this problem, you'll use the histogram to compute properties of the gas.

Part A

What is the average speed

of the molecules in the gas?

Part B

Because the kinetic energy of a single molecule is related to its velocity squared, the best measure of the kinetic energy of the entire gas is obtained by computing the mean squared velocity, $(v^2)_{\rm avg}$ , or its square root. The quantityis more common than $(v^2)_{\rm avg}$ because it has the dimensions of velocity instead of the less-familiar velocity-squared.