PSYC 2301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Sympathetic Nervous System, Cerebral Cortex, Muscle Tone
Document Summary
Lecture 2 chapter 2: the systems of the body. Somatic: voluntary (muscles we move ourselves, arms and legs. Release of catecholamines prompt bodily changes: heart rate and blood pressure increases, respiration rate goes up, digestion and urination decreases. Repeated activation of sympathetic nervous system (or the stress response) is linked to several chronic disorders. Pituitary gland: anterior lobe, growth hormones, acth (adrenocorticotropic hormone), tsh (thyrotropic hormone), Gth (gonadotropic), sth (somatotropic: posterior lobe, oxytocin, vasopressin or adh (water absorption in kidneys) Adrenal glands: adrenal medulla, secretes catecholamines, adrenal cortex, releases hormones called steroids (corticosteroids) Transmission of infection: direct transmission: hand shaking, kissing, sexual intercourse. Specific immunity: acquired after birth, fight particular microorganisms. Humoral immunity: mediated in b lymphocytes that circulate in the body"s fluids such as blood and act before cells become infected. Sympathetic activation: hypothalamus initiates earliest responses to stress namely sympathetic nervous system arousal or the fight or flight response described by walter cannon.
