BIO152H5 Lecture Notes - Great Chain Of Being, James Hutton, Soapberry
Document Summary
Aristotle: 384-322 bce, viewed species as unchanged and recognized affinities" among organisms. Concluded scala naturae" scale of naturae, increasing complexity. Linnaeus: developed binomial format for naming, contrast to scala naturae, Classification system: similar species into categories- genus, family . Darwin: classification based on evolutionary relationships-studied fossils and remains. Strata: rock layer formed with new layers covering old ones, higher=younger rock. James hutton: 1726-1829, explained earths geological features related to mechanism like valleys and rivers. Inheritance of acquired characteristics: organisms pass on modifications. Use and disuse: parts of body used become larger and stronger, others become weaker. Evolution occurs because organisms have drive to become more complex. Embarked from england, journey took 5 years. Fascinated by unusual organisms at galapagos islands- many different species of finches. Adaptation: inherited characteristics to enhance survival and reproduction-finches have different beaks and behaviours. Artificial selection: selective breeding of domestic plants and animals. Natural selection: certain traits have higher survival and reproduction rates, not random.
