PHY3111 Study Guide - Final Guide: Lateral Plate Mesoderm, Paraxial Mesoderm, Endochondral Ossification
Document Summary
Axial skeleton vertebral column, ribs, sternum derived from paraxial mesoderm (sclerotome) Appendicular skeleton limb bones from lateral plate mesoderm. Intramembranous: mesenchymal tissue is replaced by bone, gives rise to some craniofacial bones + part of clavicle. Endochondral: hyaline cartilage replaced by bone, gives rise to most bones including limbs & vertebral column. Made up of cells, collagen fibres, protein matrix, water, chondrocytes secrete cartilage matrix, cartilage is found mainly in joints. Types of cartilage: hyaline (ends of bones), fibrous (in bone-ligament joints), elastic (ear, epiglottis, auditory tubes). Hyaline: found in trachea and bronchi, purpose is to resist compression, it is flexible and keeps airways open (lungs). Found at ends of bones in synovial joints. Fibrous cartilage/fibrocartilage: found in intervertebral discs, transitional b/w dense connective tissue & hyaline cartilage, tough & resists compression, collagen type i dominant, chondrocytes: singly or in pairs, chondrocytes are often observed as short rows between dense collagen fibre bundles.
