PHARMACOLOGY Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Inhalational Anaesthetic, Muscle Relaxant, Hypoventilation
Document Summary
Balanced anesthesia: anesthesia produced by a mixture of drugs, often including both inhaled and intravenous agents. Inhalation anesthesia: anesthesia induced by inhalation of drug. Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (mac: the alveolar concentration of an anesthetic that is required to prevent a response to a standardized painful stimulus in 50% of patients. Analgesia: a state of decreased awareness of pain, sometimes with amnesia. Stage 1: analgesia: the patient has decreased awareness of pain, consciousness may be impaired but is not lost. Stage 2: disinhibition: the patient appears to be delirious and excited, amnesia occurs, reflexes are enhanced, respiration is typically irregular, retching and incontinence may occur. Stage 3: surgical anesthesia: the patient is unconscious, has no pain reflexes, respiration is very regular, blood pressure is maintained. Stage 4: medullary depression: the patient develops severe respiratory and cardiovascular depression that requires mechanical and pharmacologic support.
