PHARMACOLOGY : Drugs for HPN (Part 2)
Document Summary
Most common drug that will be prescribed. In older individuals, systolic bp is more powerful indicator of hpn. Example of bp classification: 130/90 (stage 1 hpn) Bp can be brought daw safely w medication. Drugs for hpn: diuretics, sympathoplegics, vasodilators, angiotensin-antagonists, renin inhibitor - aliskiren. Mechanism of action: diuretics - lower bp by reducing blood volume (water and salt excretion) and may have a direct vascular response that is not fully understood, thiazide diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide) =initially lowers bp by increasing sodium and water excretion, decrease co, rbf, and extracellular volume. =leads to decreased peripheral resistance in the long run which maintains decreased blood pressure treatment) =adverse effects: hypokalemia, insulin reistance (risk for diabetic patients), increased cholesterol, hyperuicemia, hyperglycemia (70% of patients- risk for gouty arthritis) =serum potassium must be monitored closesly esp. patients predisposed to cardiac arrythmia: loop diuretic. =reserved for px with reduced gfr (serum creatitinine >2. 5 mg/dl), chf, sodium retention, and edema: post-ganglionic sympathetic nerve.
