PSYC 1000 Lecture Notes - Learning, Classical Conditioning, Sketchpad
Document Summary
Learning: is a process by which behaviour or knowledge changes as a result of experience. Cognitive learning: reading, listening, test to acquire new knowledge. Associative learning: the ability of living organisms to perceive contingency relations between events in their environment. Stimulus: an external event or cue that elicits a perceptual response; this occurs regardless of whether the event is important or not. Unconditioned stimulus (us): a stimulus that elicits a reflexive response without learning. Some stimuli such as food, water, pain, or sexual contact elicit responses instinctively (i. e. , without any learning being required). Unconditioned response (ur): on the other hand, is a reflexive, unlearned reaction to an unconditioned stimulus, include hunger, drooling, expressions of pain, and sexual responses. Conditioned stimulus (cs): a once-neutral stimulus that later elicits a conditioned response because it has a history of being paired with an unconditioned stimulus, (ex. Conditioned response (cr) is the learned response that occurs to the conditioned stimulus.
