CCJ 101 Lecture Notes - American Juvenile Justice System, Parens Patriae, Jury Trial
Document Summary
Juvenile justice- a brief history: treatment of children before juvenile justice. During the 18th and 19th centuries in england, juveniles treated with harsh punishment. Children living on the streets engaged in petty crimes just to survive foundation of american juvenile justice system is in english common law. Lawyer sir william blackstone: infants too young to understand their actions and consequences in the late 1760s: development of a different system for juveniles. 18th century: children were treated like adults. 19th century: u. s. juvenile justice system began to develop. Child savers: advocates who fought to reform brutal juvenile system. True reform started in 1899 with creation of juvenile courts. Juvenile courts: designed specifically for juveniles: parens patriae: in the best interest of the child. Ex parte crouse (1838): state has right and obligation to remove children from questionable households. Establishing juvenile rights: judges and legislature originally took a hands-off approach. Kent v. united states (1966): procedural safeguards for juveniles charged.
