ASTRO 7N Chapter Notes -Suwanee, Georgia, Negative Space

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poynterhannah05

8 Feb 2023

School

PSU

Department

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Course

ASTRO 7N

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This is a photo of a sunset in suwanee, georgia. I took this picture at 6:10 p. m. on a. Sunday night, i choose to take a picture of this as i went outside to hear the outdoor concert that the town center was having in honor of a local hero. I was thinking about how it looked like a scene from an alien film, with the different hues having the feel of another world. This picture"s depth is due to the distance of the water tower, and what appears to be acceptably in focus or sharp. The sun rises at about 7:30 am, having a little less than a 12-hour difference between the two variations. The golden hour would be an hour before the sunset and an hour after sunrise therefore golden hour would be at 5:10 p. m. and 8:30 am, on this sunday. On monday, the next day the sun will set later around 6:12 pm.

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1. You are running a recreational running event for your town. Youdecide to hold the event at a local park. There is a paved patharound the park, which happens to be perfectly square. The totaldistance around one lap of the track is 400 m (remember each sideis the same length). Please answer the following for the raceevent:
a. One runner completes 10 laps of the race. What is thetotal
distance the runner covered?

b. What is the total displacement for the runner?

c. Explain the answers for a and b using the concepts ofdistance
and displacement.

2. Explain why the difference between distance and displacement isof little concern in practical applications where velocity iscalculated.

3. Is it possible for acceleration to be negative? Explain.

A few multiple choice questions im having trouble with...

1. If a star formation switched off in a spiral galaxy, whichpartof it would get fainter? Bulge, disk, halo, dark matter orglobularclusters?

2. What is the essential difference between formation of spiralandelliptical galaxies?
a. random motions of stars are larger in ellipticals?
b. spiral galaxies had a more recent tidal encounter withanothergalaxy?
c. ellipticals form stars before they collapse; spiral formstarsafter they collapse?
d. spiral galaxies rotate faster
e. ellipticals had a more recent violent encounter withanothergalaxy?

3. The temperature of the background radiation is almost the sameinall directions
a. this is suprising, because the radiation from oppositedirectionsin the sky is comming from places that are beyong eachothers lighttravel horizon
b. this is expected because the big bang was a veryhomogenousexplosion
c. this was a measurement error in early observationsnowdiscredited.
d. the statement is not true, the temperature shows alargefluctuation all over the sky
e. none

thanks in advance!!!

Situations arise in engineering when we want to control the flow rate of a solution. This solution could be pumped into a holding tank, distillation column, heat exchanger, reactor, etc. This means that the flow rate becomes a function of time. When we turn on a pump, the flow rate is (for the most part) constant. The problem is that we may want the flow rate to be very fast at first, and then very slow towards the end of the process. This is especially true in certain chemical reactors where the concentration of reactants is always important. Control systems that could handle this type of situation are very expensive. Pumps (relatively speaking) are cheap. So, having a bank of pumps will usually solve the problem. The pumps are simply turned on or off to regulate the flow. Mathematically, this amounts to taking the volumetric flow rate function and finding a piecewise-linear approximation. Suppose that, because of the application we are running, we need a flow rate given by the function ,where t is in hours and v(t) is in 100 cubic feet per hour (e.g., v(0)=1 which means that at time t=0, we need a flow rate of 1*100=100 cubic feet per hour). Find a linear approximation and a piecewise-linear approximation using first two lines and then three lines. Think about what using more lines would do to the approximation. You will need to find suitable values of t to be able to find your approximation. As a further exercise, try to find values of t for your approximation that keeps the error (i.e., the difference between the approximation and the real function v(t) ) less than 0.1.Hint: to help with this, ask yourself this question: where would more lines be useful - where the function changes a lot or where the function changes a little?]

ASTRO 7N Chapter Notes -Suwanee, Georgia, Negative Space

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