MATE 010 Study Guide - Electric Flux, Surface 2, Net Force
20 Mar 2023
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Gauss"s law is one of the 4 fundamental laws of electricity and magnetism called maxwell"s equations. Gauss"s law relates charges and electric fields in a subtle and powerful way, but before we can write down gauss"s law, we need to introduce a new concept: the electric flux through a surface. Consider an imaginary surface which cuts across some e-field lines. We say that there is some electric flux through this surface. To make the notion of flux precise, we must first define a surface vector. Magnitude of vector a = area a of surface. Direction of vector a = direction perpendicular (normal) to surface = direction of unit normal n . Notice that there is an ambiguity in the direction n . The electric flux through a surface a is defined as. , associated with a flat surface of area a. area a. E a e a cos (for e = constant, surface flat )
