Lecture : Bio Notes 249 - Nucleotides

6 views1 pages

azaillia

30 Mar 2023

School

UCF

Department

Biology

Course

BSC 2010C

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids such as dna and rna. Nucleotides consist of three components: a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar, and a phosphate group. When nucleotides are linked together through phosphodiester bonds, they form nucleotide polymers, also known as polynucleotides. In dna, the nitrogenous bases are adenine (a), guanine (g), cytosine (c), and thymine (t), while in rna, uracil (u) replaces thymine. The sugar in both dna and rna is a five-carbon sugar called deoxyribose or ribose, respectively. The phosphate group consists of a phosphorus atom bound to four oxygen atoms. Nucleotide polymers are formed through polymerization, where the phosphate group of one nucleotide forms a phosphodiester bond with the sugar of another nucleotide, linking them together in a linear chain. The 5" end of the nucleotide has a free phosphate group, while the 3" end has a free hydroxyl group.

Related Questions

Please explain to me how all thesework, and work together better then allready done?!?

â¢ Exonuclease I E. coli: Removes oligonucleotides post PCR

â¢ T7 Exonuclease:

â¢ DNA Polymerase I large (Klenow) fragment: retains polymerizationfidelity of holoenzyme w/o degrading 5â termini

â¢ Alkaline Phosphatase: catalyze 5â phosphate removal from DNA, RNA,ribo-deoxyrebonucleoside triphosphate

â¢ SAPas (shrimp)

â¢ CIPase (calf intestine)

â¢ T4 DNA Ligase: Catalyzes formation of phosphodiester bond between5â-phosphate and 3â hydroxyl termini in duplex DNA or RNA

skysardine665

1. Unlike DNA, RNA contains

deoxyribose

a double strand

phosphates

uracil

Nucleic acid structure

2. In transcription, uracil will bond with:

thymine

cytosine

adenine

guanine

Transcription

3. The first team of scientist to document the structure of DNA was:

Franklin and Wilkins

Watson and Crick

Pauling and Chargoff

None of the above

DNA structure

4. Organelles that synthesize protein are:

lysosomes

ribosomes

endoplasmic reticulum

golgi bodies

5. Most of the time in a cell's life, it's DNA is in the form of:

Chromatin

Chromatids

Replicated chromosomes

Spindle fibers

6. Uracil is a nitrogen base that pairs with adenine. Using this information, one could conclude that uracil is a:

Purine

Pyrimidine

Neither a purine or pyrimidine

Not enough information

7. a nucleotide does not consist of a:

polymerase

5-carbon sugar

phosphate group

nitrogen base

8. The genetic code in DNA of an individual depends on the sequence (order) of:

nucleotides

purines only

phosphates

sugars

9. Before a cell divides, it must duplicate its DNA in a process known as:

translation

transformation

transcription

replication

10. The basic unit (building block) of a protein is a (an):

carbohydrate

amino acid

lipid

hydrogen bond

11. Unlike DNA, RNA contains:

deoxyribose

a double strand

phosphates

uracil

12. The structure of DNA was first documented in:

1945

1953

1956

1962

13. In DNA replication, the new molecules produced are:

of unequal length

both assembled in the same direction

built with purines as the backbone

assembled in opposite directions

DNA replication

14. The "backbone" of DNA is composed of:

ribose and phosphates

deoxyribose and phosphates

ribose and uracil

deoxyribose and thymine

DNA structure

15. RNA differs from DNA in which of the following ways?

RNA is single-stranded

RNA contains ribose

RNA does not contain thymine

All of the above

DNA structure

16. Which of the following is NOT required for the transcription process itself?

RNA polymerase

DNA

uracil-containing nucleotides

ribosomes

skyhamster121

On a growing strand of DNA the nucleotide that is at the 3â end is bound to the next "new" nucleotide to be added by DNA polymerase. On these two nucleotides, indicate which atoms on these nucleotides are covalently bonded to form the phosphodiester linkage that joins the new nucleotide to the growing strand. (Hint: one atom is oxygen and the other is phosphorus.)

Lecture : Bio Notes 249 - Nucleotides

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

Lecture : Bio Notes 237 - Polymerization

BSC 2010C Lecture 1: Bio Notes 243 - Uracil

BSC 2010C Lecture 1: Bio Notes 244 - Adenine

Related Questions